Dissociative Identity Disorder And Multiple Personality...

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is defined as â€Å"a severe condition in which two or more distinct identities, or personality states, are present in—and alternately take control of—an individual†. In 1994, the name of the disorder was changed to reflect a better understanding of the condition. DID is characterized by fragmentation, not by the growth of separate identities. DID is not a new disorder. However, it has been misunderstood for quite some time. In fact, some psychologists believe that evidence of DID had been inscribed on cave walls during the Paleolithic Era in the form of shamans turning into animals. Furthermore, experts believe that historic reports of demonic possession were actually cases of DID. In 1646, a Swiss physician named Paracelsus reported that he had met a woman who claimed that she had been robbed by her other personality who later had no memory of the robbery. This is known as th e first legitimate report of Dissociative Identity Disorder. A few more cases of DID were reported after this, but in 1910, Eugen Bleuler coined the term â€Å"schizophrenia†, and suddenly the amount of DID cases significantly decreased. To this day, many people are frequently misdiagnosed with schizophrenia when they are really suffering from DID. This is one of the many reasons why experts are still conducting research regarding this disorder. There are many interesting characteristics of DID. A person withShow MoreRelatedDissociative Identity Disorder And Multiple Personality Disorder1384 Words   |  6 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder (DID for short and popularly known as multiple personality disorder) is one of the more fascinating and simultaneously terrifying of the formal mental disorders. Probably due in part to DID’s fantastic, almost unbelievable nature, it is also one of the more controversial disorders that has been formally included in the DSM (Diagn ostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). In the most recent DSM, DSM-5, the signature criteria for DID is the â€Å"disruption of identityRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder : A Multiple Personality Disorder2577 Words   |  11 PagesAbstract Dissociative identity disorder also known as DID is a multiple personality disorder. Patients who have DID have multiple personalities that sometime they cannot control. There are known cases of people with this disorder completely change and see their selves differently from who they actually are, such as having a different name. There are many more symptoms to this disorder also. A lot of researchers usually test and compare DID with PTSD in most studies and also usually use all femalesRead More Multiple Personality Disorder (Dissociative Identity Disorder)735 Words   |  3 Pages Dissociative Identity Disorder, commonly referred to as Multiple Personality Disorder, exists as a bizarre mental disorder in which a person acquires two or more distinct identities or personality states. The disorder received much attention through such accounts as Sybil and The Three Faces of Eve. Multiple Personality Disorder, caused from severe and inhuman sexual, physical, and mental abuse, affects the individuals consciousness and in turn creates altar selves. CategorizedRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder : Multiple Personality Disorder Essay1859 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Dissociative Identity Disorder, also known as Multiple Personality Disorder has intrigued a wide variety of individuals from psychiatrists, Hollywood directors and even teenagers dreaming of treating the disorder such as myself. DID, as abbreviated, is sometimes thought of as fake, this disorder has been proven an actual disorder and is described in the DSM-5. This paper will include a description of Dissociative Identity Disorder or DID, an exploration into the typical course of theRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder ( Multiple Personality )1397 Words   |  6 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder can be difficult to diagnosis as mentioned before. However, a scale has been developed to help a professional with their diagnosis of individuals that may suffer from this mental illness. There have been many studies conducted to test the reliability and validity of this scale. The scale is referred to as The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) and was developed to help measure diss ociation in individuals. The Dissociative Experiences Scale is a twenty-eight item self-reportRead MoreMultiple Identity Disorder Essay1062 Words   |  5 PagesAngela suffered from Dissociative Identity Disorder, formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder. According to article â€Å"Dissociative Identity Disorder†, Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a mental disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states. The symptoms will be explained, including the history of this disorder. It will also explore the causes, the diagnostic process, and even treatment. Symptoms Dissociative Identity Disorder has subtle symptoms thatRead MoreThe Secret Window And Dissociative Identity Disorder1096 Words   |  5 PagesThe Secret Window and Dissociative Identity Disorder The Secret Window is a film released in 2004 directed by David Koepp and written by Stephen King. The main issue in this film is one of a psychological basis which keeps the audience on their toes and maybe even slightly confused until all of the pieces fit together at the end of the film. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the psychological issue that plagues the main character, Mort Rainey (portrayed by Johnny Depp), and identify anyRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder : Dissociative Identification Disorder1485 Words   |  6 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder is a mental disorder where an individual experiences two or more distinct personalities. When an individual is diagnosed with Dissociative Identity Disorder, one personality has dominant control of an individual. This personality controls how a person may act and how they live everyday life. A person diagnosed with this disease may or may not be aware of their alternate personalities. Each personality is contrasting of each other withRead MoreMultiple Personalities Disorder Analysis1037 Words   |  5 PagesMultiple Personality Disorders (MPD), or what has been re-classified, Dissociative Idenitfy Disorder (DID), is a deliberating and frightening illness for the DID individual; as well as their friends and family. The meaning of DID (Dissoiative Idenity Disorder) usually means that a person has more than two self-states or identities, which often times appear like entirely different personalities. When one is under the control of one identity, the pe rson usually is unable to remember some of the eventsRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder (Did) Is A Psychological1005 Words   |  5 PagesDissociative identity disorder (DID) is a psychological condition in which a person will create one or more alternate identities. DID (formerly known as multiple personality disorder) is just one of three dissociative disorders. This disorder is set apart by the way the identities â€Å"switch† from one to another. Patients who suffer from dissociative identity disorder can often lead normal lives when diagnosed properly and treated accordingly; sometimes, they cannot. People suffering from dissociative

Review of Moneyball - 698 Words

Moneyball Introduction Those who follow Major League Baseball closely were aware of the unconventional way the Oakland As went about re-building a ball club into a winner in 2002, after three superstars left the team as free agents en route to multi-million dollar paydays. Indeed, when Jason Giambi, Johnny Damon and Jason Isringhausen the biggest stars on the 2001 team head for the big bucks, general manager Billy Beane figures out a new way to win. This paper reviews the movie and moreover, what Beane did to change the game. How Baseball was Changed to a Degree Anyway It may be a stretch to say Billy Beanes style of management changed baseball, but Beane did and does, off and on, to this day produce competitive teams based on far different values and on less expensive talent than the typical general manager would seek to acquire. First, it should be said that while this is certainly a baseball movie, it is also a story about an iconoclastic executive (Beane) out to prove some of his employees wrong by innovating a radically different style of management. The scouts who were paid to find the best talent out there the players that could hit for high average, could hit home runs, could throw a ball home on the fly from deep in centerfield, could steal bases and make sensational defensive plays were shocked and angered when Beane changed the usual strategies. What Beane was looking for, and continues to seek today as GM of the As, is players that statistics showsShow MoreRelatedMoneyball Review1975 Words   |  8 Pagesthat the more a team spends on their payroll the more games they will win. With the absence of a salary cap baseball may seam unfair to the smaller market teams who cant bare the salary costs that the larger market teams can. In Michael Lewis Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game Lewis depicts just how the Oakland Athletics have been winning in an unfair game for almost a decade. The As are a small market team that doesnt have nearly the amount of money at their disposal that their competitorsRead MoreAnalysis Of Moneyball The Art Of Winning An Unfair Game By Michael Lewis1624 Words   |  7 Pagescan hold massive budgets and payrolls. During this review, we will discuss and visit aspects of organizational theory such as moral judgment, decision making, risk management, and ethical leadership and how Michael Le wis applied them in his book. I will provide a synopsis of the overall concept of his theory, as well as providing a breakdown of how our concepts of organizational theory relate to this overall process called Moneyball. Summary Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair game by Michael LewisRead MoreCollege Basketball Statistics And Predict The Nba Success Essay1417 Words   |  6 Pagesincreasingly valuable, a NBA franchise has to come up with a better draft strategy to minimize the possibility of making draft mistakes. In this research paper, I will use draft prospects’ college statistics to predict their NBA success. Literature review Unlike NBA that is scarce of academic literature support in the field of draft prediction, MLB has extensive researches in predicting players’ future performance. The test conducted by spur (2002) revealed that the college experience was an undervaluedRead MoreLeadership Charachterstic of Billy Beane3317 Words   |  14 PagesSt. Francis Xavier University | MONEYBALL | Leadership and Billy Beane | | Brandon Guenette/200905666 | 3/5/2012 | | Introduction Michael Lewis’s Moneyball is a fascinating story about a small group of undervalued professional baseball players and executives who had turned themselves into one of the most successful franchises in Major League Baseball. The underlying question to this story is where the real discussion should begin. That question is: how did one of the poorest teams in baseballRead More Korean Players in Major League Baseball1588 Words   |  7 Pagesplayers, a Major League team attracts Korean baseball fans and money into their team. Even though those players are talented as they become a major player in the team, the team does not have to pay as much as already famous baseball stars, as a Moneyball strategy. For Korean players, a similar case with Hyun-Jin Ryu cases will be more common in the future rather than Chan-Ho Park or Shin-Soo Choo’s cases. For this 2014 season, a famous Korean pitcher, Suk-Min Yun, signed with the Baltimore OriolesRead MoreBusiness Analytics3015 Words à ‚  |  12 Pagesisnt the only data used. Businesses may also collect scientific data from journals, relevant surveys, pertinent documents, in fact all material that is related to their project at hand or to their own business or data related to that of competitors. Review of the data takes place, strengths and weaknesses are identified,a nd a strategic direction is charted. Clustering The analyst clusters objects or elements into similar groups so that groups are laid out according to categories. This helps patternRead MoreSituational Leadership: Commissioner Adam Silver Impact on the NBA793 Words   |  3 Pages(2013). Rethinking the extraverted sales ideal: The ambivert advantage. Psychological Science, 24(6), 1024-1030. doi:10.1177/0956797612463706 Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P. (1996). Linking the Balanced Scorecard to Strategy. California Management Review, 39(1), 53-79. doi:10.2307/41165876 Lentze, G. (1995). Legal concept of professional sports leagues: The commissioner and an alternative approach from a corporate perspective, The Marquette Sports Law Journal, 6(1), 65-94. Retrieved from http://scholarshipRead MoreThe Performance Of Baseball Data And Analytics2304 Words   |  10 Pagesbaseball data and analytics, and, more specifically, a large growth of interest in a branch of baseball statistics known as sabermetrics. This branch of statistics has been further spurred on by the publication of Moneyball (Lewis, 2003), and even more so by the movie debut of Moneyball in 2011. Sabermetrics uses baseball’s common statistics and creates a statistic that more efficiently determines the performance of baseball players.However, there is still some skepticism among professionals as toRead MoreEssay Correctional Theory2516 Words   |  11 Pagesdeterrence effects will be minimized (p. 84). Pratt, Cullen, Blevins, Daigle, and Madensen (2006) completed a summary of all available deterrence literature, which is considered to be the most systematic review in the area of â€Å"perceived deterrence† (Cullen Jonson, 2012, p. 84). Although previous reviews had been conducted, they had been done so through qualitative assessments, a process which requires respective authors to make judgment calls, thereby introducing the potential for bias into the researchRead MoreSalary Inequality and Performance in Mlb6435 Words   |  26 Pages If this study is able to show that salary inequality has an injurious effect on team performance in MLB, General Managers should work on lowering team payroll inequality in order to promote team chemistry. The remainder of this paper will review past relevant studies to give perspective, explain the theoretical model, define and give expected signs to the variables, explain the data, and analyze the regression results. Past Research:   Mark Foley and Fred Smith of Davidson College did

The Classic of Poetry Free Essays

The Classic of Poetry is a collection of old Chinese literature that has been rewritten and renamed into the Book of Songs/Odes. (â€Å"Norton Anthology of World Literature† 812) This collection of poems seemed to become popular around the beginning of Confucianism. Confucianism is the concept of centering one’s life or work on authority figures, family, and friends. We will write a custom essay sample on The Classic of Poetry or any similar topic only for you Order Now The expression of Confucianism is best seen in the work of Tu Fu. Confucianism is wide spread throughout the Classic of Poetry. Confucianism is brought out in the poetry because it focuses on education, political views, and social views. Education in the poetry helped to spread the ideas or moral values and knowledge to the people of China. (â€Å"Norton Anthology of World Literature† 812) Political and social views were also spread because it seemed to give the Chinese people an outlook of their own political system and how the system was used to run the different Chinese dynasties. The Classic of Poetry spread through China like wildfire and was first recognized the most by the Chou society. â€Å"Norton Anthology of World Literature† 812) Confucius wanted the poetry to get a reaction from people and for people to be able to get actual perceptions from reading the poetry. The idea was for the reader to be able to put themselves in the author’s brain as if the reader is physically seeing what the author describes. The Classic of Poetry is compiled of simple poetry it essentially lays out the reality of â€Å"early Chinese Civilization. † (Norton Anthology of World Literature† 813) Also read: Platos Attack on Poetry Different works in the Classic of Poetry truly do seem very simple but when reading between the lines it is easy to find the poem’s true meaning. â€Å"Fishhawk† is an excellent example of poetry that appears to be simple, but in reality it has a deep meaning. â€Å"Fishhawk† is a poem about a female that is watching her husband have an affair with a much younger woman from a distance. The woman is hurt and angered but will stay with her husband until the end of her/his days because that is what is expected. She would not dare to leave her husband even though there is infidelity in the marriage. Stewart) There seems to be an unwritten understanding that marriage in the Chinese culture is sacred even if there is no physical attraction between the husband and wife. Marriage is a sacred bond and one would never enter into divorce. Popol Vuh is a compilation of stories from the â€Å"Quiche people of Guatemala. † (â€Å"Norton Anthology of World Literatureâ⠂¬  3076) Popol Vuh is full of â€Å"mythological narratives and a genealogy of the rulers of the Post-Classic Quiche Maya kingdom of highland Guatemala. (Vopus) The Popol Vuh is made of stories merged together to create an epic and â€Å"may be called novelistic. † (â€Å"Norton Anthology of World Literature† 3076) The Popol Vuh also has comparisons to those in â€Å"The Bible† since it covers creation of the Earth and the living creatures on the earth. â€Å"The Bible† explains how God made the Heavens and the Earths and Popol Vuh explains how gods made the Earth, placed in in the sky, and populated the Earth with living creatures. The comparison between â€Å"The Bible† and Popol Vuh is perhaps the biggest comparison that can be made since there are various similarities. The Bible† covers the great flood and how God was angered by the sins of mankind and He destroyed the Earth and everyone except Noah and his family and the animals on th e ark. Popol Vuh gods were also angered by mankind and sent a flood to destroy them as well. The mythology aspect in the Popol Vuh is perhaps a passed down story from â€Å"The Bible† that is told according to the Quiche people. Clearly there are enough similarities to bring truth to â€Å"The Bible† and the story of creation and the flood. Popol Vuh genealogy is depicted through the family ties. The twins Hunahu and Xbalanque are the main focus of the story’s genealogy. The twins have a family line that is involved throughout the Popol Vuh. Part Three of the Popol Vuh goes back to an earlier time in history when Hun-Hunahpu and Vucub Hunahpu, the father and uncle of the twins, were defeated in the underworld and were buried in the ball court. Hun-Hunahpu and Vucub Hunahpu were great ball players as were the twins Hunahu and Xbalanque. The genealogical connections are that the family as a whole were good ball players and were apparently good at defeating others. There is a family tie there that cannot be broken and is strong bond. The Classic of Poetry and the Popol Vuh are both amazing works of world literature. Each of these works has made its mark on two very different cultures and societies. The Chinese culture is one that is strong and true in morals and knowledge following Confucianism. The Quiche also seemed to be focused on strong morals and religions as a whole. Bibliography Stewart, Summer. † Women: The Hips of Ancient Chinese and Egyptian Cultures. † . N. p. , n. d. Web. 22 Jul 2012. lt;http://voices. yahoo. com/women-hips-ancient-chinese-egyptian- cultures-5713174. html. The Norton Anthology of World Literature. Second. A. New York: W. W. Norton Company, Inc. , 2002. 812. Print. The Norton Anthology of World Literature. Second. C. New York: W. W. Norton Company, Inc. , 2002. 812. Print. Vopus, . â€Å"Popol Vuh – The Sacred Book of The Mayas. † . N. p. , n. d. Web. 22 Jul 2012. http://www. vopus. org/e n/gnosis/gnostic-anthropology/popol-vuh-sacred-book-of-the- mayas. html. How to cite The Classic of Poetry, Essay examples

Peru Essay Example For Students

Peru Essay PeruPerus gross domestic product in the late 1980s was $19.6 billion, orabout $920 per capita. Although the economy remains primarily agricultural, themining and fishing industries have become increasingly important. Peru reliesprimarily on the export of raw materialschiefly minerals, farm products, andfish mealto earn foreign exchange for importing machinery and manufacturedgoods. During the late 1980s, guerrilla violence, rampant inflation, chronicbudget deficits, and drought combined to drive the country to the brink offiscal insolvency. However, in 1990 the government imposed an austerity programthat removed price controls and ended subsidies on many basic items and allowedthe inti, the national currency, to float against the United States dollar. About 35 percent of Perus working population is engaged in farming. Most of the coastal area is devoted to the raising of export crops; on the montana and the sierra are mainly grown crops for local consumption. Many farms inPeru are very small and are used to produce subsistence crops; the country alsohas large cooperative farms. The chief agricultural products, together with theapproximate annual yield (in metric tons) in the late 1980s, were sugarcane (6.2million), potatoes (2 million), rice (1.1 million), corn (880,000), seed cotton(280,000), coffee (103,000), and wheat (134,000). Peru is the worlds leadinggrower of coca, from which the drug cocaine is refined. The livestock population included about 3.9 million cattle, 13.3 millionsheep, 1.7 million goats, 2.4 million hogs, 875,000 horses and mules, and 52million poultry. Llamas, sheep, and vicunas provide wool, hides, and skins. The forests covering 54 percent of Perus land area have not beensignificantly exploited. Forest products include balsa lumber and balata gum,rubber, and a variety of medicinal plants. Notable among the latter is thecinchona plant, from which quinine is derived. The annual roundwood harvest inthe late 1980s was 7.7 million cu m. The fishing industry is extremely important to the countrys economy andaccounts for a significant portion of Perus exports. It underwent a remarkableexpansion after World War II (1939-1945); the catch in the late 1980s was about5.6 million metric tons annually. More than three-fifths of the catch isanchovies, used for making fish meal, a product in which Peru leads the world. The extractive industries figure significantly in the Peruvian economy. Peru ranks as one of the worlds leading producers of copper, silver, lead, andzinc; petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, molybdenum, tungsten, and gold areextracted in significant quantities. Annual production in the late 1980sincluded 3.3 million metric tons of iron ore; 406,400 metric tons of copper;2054 metric tons of silver; 203,950 metric tons of lead; and 612,500 metric tonsof zinc. About 64.9 million barrels of crude petroleum were produced, along with578.3 million cu m of natural gas. Much manufacturing in Peru is on a small scale, but a number of modernindustries have been established since the 1950s along the Pacific coast. Traditional goods include textiles, clothing, food products, and handicrafts. Items produced in large modern plants include steel, refined petroleum,chemicals, processed minerals, motor vehicles, and fish meal. In the late 1980s Peru had an installed electricity-generating capacityof approximately 3.7 million kw, and annual output was approximately 14.2billion kwh. About three-quarters of the total electricity produced wasgenerated in hydroelectric facilities. The unit of currency in Peru is the inti, divided into 100 centimos;after being allowed to float against the U.S. dollar, the inti fluctuated wildlyat between 200,000 and 400,000 to the dollar in mid-1990. The Banco Central deReserva del Peru (1922) is the central bank and bank of issue. All privatedomestic banks were nationalized in 1987. Exports are more diversified in Peruthan in most South American countries. The principal exports are petroleum,copper, lead, coffee, silver, fish meal, zinc, sugar, and iron ore. The chiefexport markets are the United States, Japan, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Italy,and Great Britain. Exports earned about $2.7 billion annually in the late 1980s. .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f , .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f .postImageUrl , .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f , .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f:hover , .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f:visited , .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f:active { border:0!important; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f:active , .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u51b4129e080af05234d3ae67b1338d6f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Effects of Altitude of Human Physiology EssayThe leading imports of Peru include electrical and electronic items, foodstuffs,metals, chemicals, and transportation equipment. The principal sources of thesegoods are the United States, Japan, Argentina, Germany, and Brazil. Imports costabout $2.8 billion annually in the late 1980s. Perus system of railroads, highways, and airports has been expandedconsiderably since World War II. The countrys mountains make surface transportdifficult, however. In the late 1980s Peru had about 69,940 km (about 43,460 mi)of roads, of which 11 percent were paved. The main artery is a section of thePan-American Highway, which traverses Peru from Ecuador to Chile, covering adistance of about 2495 km (about 1550 mi). The Trans-Andean Highway links Limaand Pucallpa. Peru also has about 2400 km (about 1490 mi) of railroads. Onetrans-Andean line, the Callao-Huancayo, ascends to some 4815 m (some 15,800 ft)above sea level, the highest point reached by any standard-gauge line in theworld. The most notable inland waterway is the Amazon River, which is navigableby ship from the Atlantic Ocean to Iquitos in Peru. Lake Titicaca also serves asa waterway. Leading Peruvian seaports include Callao, Salaverry, Pacasmayo,Paita, and San Juan. The countrys main international airports are situated nea rLima, Cuzco, Iquitos, and Arequipa. Aeroperu, the national airline, offersdomestic and international service. Perus telephone system, which was nationalized in 1970, has some600,000 instruments. The country is served by more than 300 radio stations and 8television stations. In the late 1980s about 4 million radios and 1.6 milliontelevision receivers were in use. In the same period the country had more than70 daily newspapers. Dailies with large circulations included El Comercio,Expreso, Ojo, and La Republica, all published in Lima.